Fungsi Struktur Organel Sel

Dinding sel

Cell wall in addition to being the most important organelles in plant cells also have several important functions, that are;

• maintain cell shape 
• provide mechanical strength so that the cell has a fixed form 
• provide protection to the cell membrane and the nucleus 
• as a means of transport of substances within the cell or vice versa

Membran Plasma (membran sel)

The plasma membrane has several important functions, that's;

• regulate the traffic of molecules, compounds or ions in and out of the cell (organelles) 
• venue for a variety of chemical reactions on each membrane 
• as the receptor changes in temperature, environment, and the intensity of cell

Sitoplasma

Cytoplasm (cell fluid) that is composed of colloidal cytosol, has a function;

• a place to store the chemicals which have the function of such enzymes for cell metabolism compounds (ions), and fat-protein 
• the occurrence of cytosolic metabolism, such as glycolysis and the synthesis of proteins and ribosomal 
• as a means or facilities in order to guarantee the exchange of substances metabolism running well and that certain organelles within the cell can move (flow of cytoplasm)

Badan Golgi

Golgi body or the Golgi apparatus is the organelle that is related to the function of excretion (expenses) cells, and has a function;

• processing of proteins and other molecules that will be taken out of the cell or to the cell membrane 
• have and forming vesicles for excretion 
• form the cell walls found in plant cells 
• lysosomes to form 
• to filter and mengkelompokan molecules for cell secretion

Ribosom

• Ribosomal nucleoprotein or small granules scattered in the cytoplasm, has a function; 
• carry out the synthesis of the amino acid composition of the protein corresponding 
• establish a synthetic protein that results are entered into the lumen of the RE

Lisosom

Lysosomes are membrane vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes that will work under acidic conditions, has a function;

• digest macromolecules intracellularly and recycle molecules 
• play a role in the decision process of foreign material into the cell 
• destroy foreign cells 
• release digestive enzymes out of the cell to perform extracellular digestion 
• repair cell membranes using specific hydrolase (ASM)

Mitokondria

Mitochondria are double membrane organelles, which has a function;

• establish a respiratory chain that generates ATP 
• for fatty acid oxidation and the catabolism of acetyl coenzyme 
• DNA contains genes that provide for the expressed into proteins 
• generate energy 
• metabolism

Sentrosom

Centrosome is an organelle that plays an active role in cell division that occurs only in animal cells only, this organelle has a function;

• regulate cell division 
• regulate chromosome segregation during cell division of animal

Plastida

Plastids is a double organ membrane. Plastids are important are: chloroplasts, kromoplas, and leukopas

Fungsi kloroplas;

• as the photosynthesis in plants which take place in the light phase and dark phase

Fungsi kromoplas;

• produce non-photosynthetic dye, such as; yellow, red and orange 
• to carry out the synthesis 
• save pigment

Fungsi leukoplas;

• Amiloplas; serves to form and store starch 
• Proteoplas; store protein function 
• Elaioplas; serves to establish and store fat

• Mikrotubulus

Microtubules are the building blocks of protein filaments, microtubules are polymers of tubulin dimers a and b, which has a function;

• directing the movement of cell components 
• form cilia, centrioles and spindle threads (flagellum formation) 
• as an intracellular filamentous structures are responsible for a wide range of motion in all eukaryotic cells

Sitoskeleton

Sitoskeleton merupakan rangka sel yang terdapat pada sitosol, memiliki fungsi;

• sebagai rangka sel, yang memberi dan menjaga bentuk sel
• sebagai pengatur gerakan sel,misalnya pada Amoeba
• sebagai pengatur gerakan kromosom ke arah kutub pada saat sel membelah secara mitosis maupun meiosis.

Vakuola

Vacuole is the organelle membrane vacuoles containing liquids. Has a function;

• a pigment store 
• a place to store food reserves substances such as glucose and starch 
• regulate cell osmotic pressure 
• the accumulation of metabolic waste

RE

RE is composed of flat pockets and double membrane tube that extends and covers most of the cytoplasm, that functions;

• Rough RE: as a site of protein synthesis that will be placed in the cell and outside the cell membrane 
• Smooth RE: as a synthesis of lipids, metabolism and elimination of toxins karbohindrat on drugs (detoxification)

Nukleus

Cell nucleus has a function;

• as the formation and maturation of ribosomal RNA 
• controlling the process of cell metbolisme 
• storing genetic information in the form of DNA 
• set the time and place of expression of genes must be initiated, executed and terminated 
• site of replication and transcription